Sleep-related breathing disorder is a prevalent medical condition that remains underdiagnosed in the community. This disorder has social, behavioural and neuropsychological impact, deleterious haemodynamic effects during sleep, and is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity. This review aims to describe the current evidence for the association of sleep-related breathing disorder with hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, heart failure, and stroke, based on the knowledge of its haemodynamic effects during sleep.