New advances in hysteroscopic visualisation of the uterine cavity have significantly increased the accuracy of diagnosing intrauterine pathology and created new possibilities for hysteroscopic surgery. An overview of the equipment, indications, contraindications, technique and complications of diagnostic hysteroscopy is presented. Diagnostic hysteroscopy can be safely and effectively performed as an outpatient procedure under local anaesthesia or even without any anaesthesia. Hysteroscopy should replace most dilatation and curettage procedures. The necessary skills can be easily acquired by any practitioner with appropriate training.